基于高分辨率牺牲模具的透气传感器制备及应用

Development and Application of Breathable Sensors Based on High-Resolution Sacrificial Mold Techniques

  • 摘要: 鉴于可穿戴传感器在健康监测、人机交互和仿生电子皮肤等前沿领域的广泛应用前景,开发兼具高灵敏度、机械柔性与结构可恢复性的透气传感器具有重要研究意义。本研究采用电场驱动热熔融沉积成型技术打印微米级三维网格状水溶性牺牲模板,构建出具备多孔结构的Ecoflex/石墨烯复合可穿戴透气传感器。通过系统调控牺牲模板的微结构参数(包括线宽、间距与结构夹角),建立了结构特征尺寸与传感性能之间的定量关联模型。所制备的传感器在具备良好透气性的基础上,表现出优异的响应灵敏度与循环稳定性。在人体运动监测实验中,传感器能够实现对握持力、手指与手腕活动度及喉结运动的准确感知,展示出在柔性电子和运动识别等领域的广阔应用前景。

     

    Abstract: Wearable sensors hold great promise in emerging fields such as health monitoring, human–machine interfaces, and bioinspired electronic skin. Developing breathable sensors with high sensitivity, mechanical flexibility, and structural recoverability is therefore of critical importance. Herein, we report a porous, wearable sensor based on an Ecoflex–graphene composite, fabricated via an electric field-assisted melt deposition technique using microscale, water-soluble sacrificial templates. By precisely tuning the microstructural parameters of the template—including linewidth, spacing, and intersection angle—a quantitative structure–performance relationship was established. The sensor exhibits excellent sensitivity, cyclic stability, and inherent breathability. When applied to human motion monitoring, it enables accurate detection of gripping force, finger and wrist articulation, and laryngeal movement, highlighting its strong potential for next-generation flexible electronics and motion recognition systems.

     

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